• It has been recognized for decades that neurons in the

  2022-11-30

  

  It has been recognized for decades that neurons in the mammalian central nervous system may release both a fast-acting, typically amino acid derived neurotransmitter such as glutamate or GABA, and a second peptidergic neuromodulatory molecule such as neuropeptide Y, substance P, or cholecystokinin.

• Activated MAP kinases transform the stimulus into the

  2022-11-28

  

  Activated MAP kinases transform the stimulus into the pathophysiological responses by phosphorylating downstream substrates, including transcription factors, cytoskeletal proteins involved in mRNA translation (Li et al., 2015). Among the numerous effectors that intervene in the TNF-α action is an ac

• The amino hydroxy methyl isoxazolepropionic acid

  2022-11-28

  

  The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic PF-00562271 (AMPA) receptor is also enriched in postsynaptic striatal neurons (Bernard et al., 1997, Kondo et al., 2000, Reimers et al., 2011). Its activity is subjected to the regulation by a mechanism involving phosphorylation (Lu and Roche, 201

• artesunate mg Aconitase clusters are prone to oxidations and

  2022-11-24

  

  Aconitase clusters are prone to oxidations and are among the first to undergo a change in transition state during stages of electrophilic stress rendering them inactive [31]. Aconitase activity in LETO and OLETF did not differ at T0 suggesting that the early onset of insulin resistance may not be at

• Introduction Alzheimer s disease AD is

  2022-11-24

  

  Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by a progressive dementia resulting from synapse failure (Selkoe, 2002, Tanzi, 2005). The amyloid hypothesis maintains that the pivotal event in AD is the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides following the prote

• Dihydroartemisinin br Introduction br Rac dependent ROS and

  2022-11-21

  

  Introduction Rac1-dependent ROS and Dihydroartemisinin regulation in neuronal functions NOX-mediated ROS have an important role as physiological messengers. One remarkable example regarding such a function is during axonal formation. In this line, increased p40phox/NOX2 levels and co-localiza

• br Role of autophagy in alcoholic cardiomyopathy

  2022-11-18

  

  Role of autophagy in alcoholic cardiomyopathy Concluding remarks The genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in alcoholic cardiac injury has been recognized despite the seemingly beneficial effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption [8]. Although oxidative stress is well established in the pa

• br Experimental section br Competing interests br Author s

  2022-11-18

  

  Experimental section Competing interests Author's contributions Acknowledgement This research is partially supported by a seed fund for the Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research (LS) and a research grant by Fujifilm (VPS and LS). The Sponsors played no roles in study desig

• We also show that in

  2022-11-18

  

  We also show that in both ATM proficient and deficient/mutant 51 3 receptor the activation of ATR signaling is DSB complexity-dependent (Figs. 1, 4A, C and E, 6A and B). Wang et al. have also reported that the effects of ATR and CHK1 on radiosensitivity are independent of the NHEJ repair pathway [41

• br In vivo visualization of aromatase with positron

  2022-11-18

  

  In vivo visualization of aromatase with positron emission tomography (PET) Positron emission tomography (PET) utilizes the high alcohol inhibitor photons formed during the annihilation of positrons to detect the changes in the amount and localization of injected radiopharmaceuticals in the livin

• The therapeutic potential of ML induced MET

  2022-11-18

  

  The therapeutic potential of ML327-induced MET against CD 1530 mg of mesenchymal origin has not been explored. In the present study, we hypothesized that induction of MET using ML327 would block the growth of ES cells and sensitize to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Herein, we report that ML327 induces ap

• Researchers demonstrated that mitochondria are the main prod

  2022-11-18

  

  Researchers demonstrated that mitochondria are the main producers of ROS and are the most sensitive to the effects of ROS. Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis may not be limited to the role of cytochrome c in the activation of caspase-3 and ROS may provide an alternate mitochondrial signaling pathway (H

• Apelin is a peptide hormone and

  2022-11-18

  

  Apelin is a peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for a G protein-coupled receptor named APJ [7], [8], and apelin and APJ are widely expressed in human organs including hypothalamus, heart, lungs, kidneys, adipose tissue, muscles, and others [9]. Apelin is initially synthesized as a 77-amino-acid

• br Results br Discussion br STAR Methods br Author Contribut

  2022-11-18

  

  Results Discussion STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Angela Walker for assistance with the manuscript; Junlin Liu, Xiangxiang Gu, Na Chen, Lu Xue, and the BV Core Facility of iHuman Institute for their support; scientists and colleagues at Amgen Inc., Zhulun W

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments This work was fin

  2022-11-18

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the Fund Project of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education (16ZB0053), the Scientific Research Foundation of Sichuan Agricultural University (No. 06021400) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M58

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